Implementation of Rank Based Sleep Scheduling (RBSS) Protocol for WSNs in a Fixed Grid Topology

AbstractOne of the most significant challenges in wide-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is to achieve energy efficiency in order to increase their lifetime and ensuring responsiveness. A very widely applied approach in this regard is to overload the region with numerous low-cost sensing devices that can communicate with each other wirelessly and coordinate amongst themselves in developing schedules for being asleep or active. The literature has numerous research works in this regard which aim to develop efficient sleep scheduling schemes. In this paper, we present an implementation of a grid-topology based cooperative Rank Based Sleep Scheduling (RBSS) protocol in which the nodes of every cell coordinate in a distributive manner, the decision making process of selecting the nodes that should stay active, while others sleep. The proposed protocol guarantees the WSN connectivity as well as the required coverage. Finally, we implement RBSS on a small scale grid using TelosB motes

Efficient Safety Message Dissemination in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Over the past few years, the occurrence of enormous human, societal, environmental and economic losses due to traffic accidents has led toward a search for highly innovative and practical solutions to improve safety on the roads. One such initiative is the introduction of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), whereby a vital application is to ensure road safety by fast and reliable dissemination of safety messages. This research develops novel and practical schemes to efficiently and reliably disseminate safety information in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) using Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication to improve the transportation safety. Firstly, an innovative multi-hop broadcasting protocol is developed, which exploits a smart forwarder selection process, handshake-less broadcasting, ACK Decoupling and efficient collision resolution mechanism. This protocol significantly improves the speed of safety message propagation without compromising on the reliability. Secondly, this research proposes a novel architecture that facilitates the effective sharing of safety information in VANETs by exchanging and storing the data (about potential threats) obtained from the neighboring vehicles as well as from on-board sensor technologies. The architecture leverages entirely on BSMs and improves the visibility and situational awareness of vehicles. The key attraction of this architecture is its novelty, simplicity, practicality, and applicability. Both of the proposed schemes were evaluated under simulation and real-world experimental conditions. The results establish and validate the performance gain of the proposed schemes. The highlight of the above techniques is that the exchange of safety information among vehicles takes place using the existing V2V standards, without requiring any modifications to the standards. Finally, these techniques can be readily deployed to improve safety on the roads, and thus, reduce human causalities as well as lower the social, environmental and economic expenses.Ph.D

Towards Fast and Reliable Multihop Routing in VANETs

© 2002-2012 IEEE. In Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), fast and reliable dissemination of safety messages is a key step toward improving the overall road safety. In a highly dynamic VANET environment, safety message dissemination in a multi-hop manner is a challenging and complex problem that has gained significant attention recently. Many protocols and schemes have been proposed to efficiently share safety messages among vehicles. However, most existing techniques do not perform well under real-world traffic conditions, or perform adequately only under very limited scenarios and traffic conditions. This research proposes a highly efficient and reliable multi-hop broadcasting protocol, Intelligent Forwarding Protocol (IFP), that exploits handshake-less communication, ACK Decoupling, and an efficient collision resolution mechanism. In this research, IFP has been extensively studied and evaluated to establish its robustness and superiority over existing schemes. A key contribution of this paper is to present an in-depth analysis and optimization of IFP using theoretical modeling, thorough simulations, and extensive real-world experimentation. With IFP, the message propagation delay is significantly reduced and packet delivery ratio is drastically improved